Linguistic Movemements and theories

THE STRUCTURALISTS

After the 19th century Historicism (which mainly studied the evolution of terminologys (a recent linguistic point of view was brought by the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de de Saussure with his work Course in general linguistics (1916)

Saussure turned those historical explanations of linguistic phenomena and nomenclature evolution (diachronic studies) into a description of language structure at a finicky point of time (synchronic studies). In his work, he explains several aspects of language through dichotomies, which are defined as couples of terminology that be possessed of a base characteristic in common and differ in some(a) other aspect. We will explain concisely the 4 most important stars:

1.         Synchronic/Diachronic: the low one is defined as the study of a language as a whole in a contingent moment of its evolution, paying attention to its structure and characteristics in that unique(predicate) point of time. A Diachronic study would be the one realised in a period of time, focusing on the evolution of the language.

2.         Lange/Parole: Lange is defined as a system, solely used as a shared social phenomenon through which the speakers are able to understand and produce speech. Parole is seen as the individual realisation of that system.

Actually, a third element forms a tricotomy together with these two ones, the term langage, seen as the faculty of speech that all humans are endowed with.

3.



        Signifier/ sentience: The language system is considered as a system of signs. Saussure separates them in two groups, the concept itself (signified) and the acoustic noise or the graphic representation of the concept (signifier).

4.         Syntagmatic/Paradigmatic: they are dimensions illustrated diagrammatically as two axes. The syntagmatic axis is where spoken language are linked or chained together, according to some grammatical rules, whereas in the paradigmatic axis, we choose wish words to link together.

Saussures theory had a deep...

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