Treatment and Quality of Life of Heart Failure Patients

Treatment and caliber of Life of feeling ill luck Patients shape to preaching and step of life of Sudanese patients with bosom harmMugahed AL-khadhera,*,Imad Fadl-Elmulab ,Waled Amen Mohammed Ahmedc hookBackground essence ill fortune is known to decrease the reference of life, speci completelyy in non- shape patients with regards to medications and life style changes.Objective The indue accept aimed to acquire the level of complaisance to treatment and timbre of life of Sudanese patients with marrow unsuccessful person.Methods This descriptive pick out was conducted on 76 patients with philia misadventure admitted to the Sudan Heart Institute. Demographic and clinical selective information including the meekness (medication, sodium restriction, suave restriction, periodical fishs, exercises, and designation-keeping) were collected. The quality of life was measured using the Minnesota living with boldness failure Questionnaire. The selective information were collected from all patients and the analyzed using SPSS adjustment 22 softw are.Results Heart failure patients showed small(a) conformation ranged surrounded by 11.84% and 75% of which the highest submission was to medication (75%) checked by the follow-up appointments (71.05%), and the lowest compliances were to the fluids restrictions (11.84%), the weight monitor (17.10%), regular exercise (21.05%), and the sodium restriction (27.6%). Quality of life grade ranged between 62-97 score and the loaded (SD) 83.6 (7.82) which reveled of inadequate quality of life in just about of Sudanese patients with touchwood failure involved in the present assume.Conclusion The contract showed that patients with heart failure in Sudan have low compliance to treatment and execrable quality of life.Key wordsHeart Failure, Treatment obligingness, Quality of life, SudanIntroductionHeart failure incidence annexs with age, increase from approximately 20 per 1000 individuals with age 65 to 69-year-old to more than 80 per 1000 individuals aging 85-year-old (1). In f symbolize few epidemiological data on heart failure in Sudan exists and the recognition of the disease as a major wellness issue remains questionable, the prevalent of heart failure accounts for 2.5% of the population, and hence it is one of the major causes of hospital mortality (2).The WHO be adherence as extent a persons deportment taking drugs, following a diet, and/or executing lifestyle modifications, follow the agreed recommendations from a health care providers (3). Poor compliance noncompliance usually refers to patients failure to follow health interventions as recommended by the health care provider, but it can also refer to the providers failure to act according to practice guidelines or standards of care(4). The factors affecting the compliance could be shared out into patient-related factors, regimen-related factors, and health care providers-related factors (5).Non-compliance to medicati ons and diet contributes in many cases to worsening heart failure symptoms. The compliance to prescribe medications or former(a) caregivers recommendations such as lifestyle changes is a widely acknowledged problem leading to hospital care ((6-8). The non-compliance of HF patients is a major problem and remains to be a continuous source of concern for patients. It is mainly for diet and fluid, daily weight and exercises (9).Quality of life (QOL) is defined as the individuals laughable cognition and a way to express feelings about his/her health status(10).Moreover, QOL is a good predictor of mortality and the need for hospitalization (11-13). Patients in manakin II and III heart failure of New York Heart tie-in (NYHA) classification cannot normally do their daily activities (9).Although, s invariablyal studies on compliance of HF patients and their quality of life have been performed worldwide, to our knowledge this is the first ever learn conducted in Sudanese HF patients, a imed to assess the compliance to treatment and quality of life in Sudanese patients with heart failure.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted on 76 patients with heart failure admitted to the Sudan Heart Institute. A summarise of 76 Sudanese HF patients were randomly selected from Sudan Heart Institute in Khartoum, January-March 2014. The patients enrold were above 20 years, confirmed diagnosed as heart failure by the cardiologist at least a month, already start HF treatment, in class II or III heart failure of NYHA, and with ability to communicate.The questionnaire consists of 36 questions of which 10 for demographic and clinical data, 5 questions for compliance, and 21 questions for quality of life. Demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records and/or by interviews. The demographic data included age, gender, educational level, and marital status, whereas clinical variables include left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), previous hospitaliz ation in the past three months, and epoch of HF.Revised HF meekness Questionnaire was used (14), on a five-point scale (1=never 2= seldom 3= half of the time 4 =mostly 5= perpetually) (15). the participants compliance to medications, diet, fluid restriction, exercise, weight, and appointment keeping was evaluated by hireing patients to rate their compliance of the last week (drugs, diet modifications, fluid restriction, and exercises), the last month (daily deliberateness), and the last 3 months (appointment keeping) before hospitalization. The patients were divided into both groups either compliant or noncompliant (16-19). Patients were considered overall compliant the compliance with four or more of the six recommendations.(20) (Table 2).The quality of life data were collected and measured using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire after translated to Arabic language (9). This instrument used most widely to evaluate quality of life in research studies (21-24) .Which Contains 21 questions and overall score of 105 (521) with possible answers ranging from 0 (no) to 5 (very much), (0= no 1= Very Little 2= little 3= moderate 4= much 5= very much). The final score is the sum points obtained for the 21 questions it can therefore vary between 0 and 105. It evaluates how heart failure affects patients physical (8 questions), emotional (5 questions), and socioeconomic (8 questions) dimensions (25). The sum of responses reflects the overall effects of heart failure and treatments on individuals quality of life (9). information was presented using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, misbegotten with standard deviation (SD) and P- determine of 0.05 was considered statistically epoch-making for relationship investigations. Ethical approval was obtained from Al Neelain Ethical committee at Al Neelain University. All patients signed an informed consent before participate in the study.ResultsThe study showed that out the 76 patien ts, 63.2% were male and 36.8% were female the mean age was 61.4 13.5 years. The education levels were 34.2% of patients were illiterate, 32.9% had completed primary school, 19.7% secondary school, and 13.2% had university graduation (Table 1).Although the coarse majority of the patients were chronic patients with diagnosis for more than 5 years, the participant ask to define what is the heart failure? Only 24% had basic assured about their disease, the remaining 76% of patients had no idea what the heart failure is. Overall compliance among the patients was 28.95%, whereas 71.5% of the patients were classified as non-compliant. Of those compliance with medication was 75% and 70% compliance with appointment-keeping. In general most patients showed low compliance with diet restriction (27%), exercise (21%), weighing (17%), and fluid restriction (11%) (Table2).The quality of life data showed that poor quality of life, the score ranged from 62-97 score /105, and the Mean (SD) quality of life was 3.2 (1.3) which reveled of poor quality of life in most of Sudanese patients with heart failure involved in the present study .There is statistically significant in compliance and quality of life (p appreciate= 0.002) in compression with patients who is noncompliant. Also statistically significant with improved NYHA classification, LVEF and quality of life (pTable 3).(Table.1) Demographic and clinical variables of the study population (n=76) in Sudan.(Table.2) Compliance (Medications, diet, Fluid restriction, Exercise, weight, and appointments keeping) in Sudan.(Table.3) Quality of life of heart failure patients in Sudan (N=76)DiscussionThe patients compliance in this study ranged between 11.84% and 75% of the patients. Although the differences in measurement instruments and differences in interventions, the result of the this study showed low compliance compared with other previous studies including knowledge of the patients about their illness, the hazard of high salt consumption, and the daily weighing.Study done by Baghianimoghadam MH, et al, describe that the disease knowledge in Iranian patients reached 38% (26), whereas our result showed that 76% of HF Sudanese Patients leave out essential knowledge of their disease or what the heart failure is. gibe to definition of overall compliance (16).The overall patients compliance of the present study was 28% compared with the study conducted by van der wal in which the overall compliance reached 72% of patients with HF(16). In the same study compliance with medication (98.6%), appointment keeping, salt restriction (79%), fluid restriction (73%), exercise (39%), and weighing (35%) where all higher compared with the results of the present study(16). Also the compliance level of present study is lower than Evangelista study which be higher levels of compliance more than 90% for (follow-up appointments, medications, smoking, and alcohol cessation), low compliance dietary 71% and exercise recommenda tions 53% (17). Medication compliance in the present study result is alike to the study done by kamlovi yayhd which found 74.7% that compliance to medication (27). This whitethorn be a reflection of lack of knowledge and training programs offered to HF patients in Sudan.The Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLWHFQ) showed that poor quality of life, the score ranged between 62-97 score /105, and the Mean (SD) quality of life was 83.6 (7.82) which reveled of poor quality of life in most of Sudanese patients with heart failure involved in the present study .It was also found that no correlation between age and quality of life (p value =0.925) ,this kindred to study done by Kato N,et al (28), some studies found sleeper between age and quality of life (29). We did not observe fetch up differences in quality of life ( p value =0.99 ), which similar to study done by Heo S, et al 2007 (29). But other studies have reported quality of life worse in female (3031).Also we f ound marital status had no influence on QOL in our subjects (p value =0.34) , it is lower to study done by Luttik ML, which found differences in QoL between married patients and those living alone were most pronounced with regard to emerging expectations of QoL (6.5 vs 5.0, P=.00 (32).Our study shows there is statistically significant in duration of disease with QOL (p value =0.004), Also statistically significant with improved NYHA classification, LVEF and Quality of life (pIn this study, the researcher found that total compliance was poor for HF Sudanese patients, compliance for drugs and appointments keeping were high but quieten in an unacceptable level. Compliance with diet, fluid restriction, activity and daily weighing was low. Also the study revealed that non-compliance negatively affects the quality of life of Sudanese HF patients. Based on result of present study, education and counseling are extremely needed to increased patients-knowledge about their disease, leading t o more compliance and improvement of their quality of life.